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1st (Royal Scots) Regiment of Foot
1797 - 1818, 1836 - 1855
Both battalions of the regiment were sent to America during the early part of the Seven Years' War. The regiment was at the capture of Louisburg, Cape Breton, then regarded as the "Dunkirk of the West;" in the expedition against Ticonderoga and in the conquest of Canada after the fall of Quebec.
The 1st Battalion, was at Guadeloupe in 1810, thence proceeding to Canada, serving throughout the American campaigns of 1812-14, its grenadier company being especially distinguished in the tough hand-to-hand fight at Niagara.
The 2nd Battalion was actively employed in Canada during the troubles of 1838-9.
2nd (Queen's Royal) Regiment of Foot
1838 - 1851
The regiment was in the disastrous attempt on Quebec, made by General Hill and Sir Hovenden Walker, in 1711, when through ignorance of the navigation, several thousand seamen and soldiers were lost in fruitless efforts to ascend the St. Lawrence.
A second battalion was added to the regiment in 1858, and served for some years in the Ionian Islands, Nova Scotia, and Bermuda.
3rd (East Kent - The Buffs) Regiment of Foot
1814 - 1868
1676-78 - Virginia Rebellion
The regiment went to America in 1781, being described as a "very young" battalion; it made one campaign, that of Carolina.
It was one of the regiments which, having escaped York Town capitulation, were the last to remain in the south, leaving Charlestown Harbour one memorable morning in December, 1782, with a fleet of between 300 and 400 vessels carrying forth 15,000 Carolina loyalists and their slaves in quest of new homes under the old flag, but from 1782 it served in Jamaica until 1790.
The regiment shipped off from Bordeaux to America in 1814, and served on the frontier of Canada during the American War, returning to Europe in July 1815.
4th (King's Own) Regiment of Foot
1794 - 1857
1689 - Newfoundland, St. Lawrence River
1711 - Canada
The regiment was in Boston at the commencement of the dispute between the American Colonies and the mother country, and fought at Bunker's Hill, and in all the principal actions during the first three years of the War of Independence. In 1778 it was among the troops sent from New York to the West Indies. In 1780 it returned home.
From 1787 to 1793 the regiment was in Canada and Newfoundland. It was in the Atlantic region of Canada in 1814.
5th (Northumberland Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot
1789 - 1867
In 1774 the regiment went to America, and the year after suffered terribly at the stubborn fight on Bunker's Hill. It fought at Long Island, White Plains, Brandywine, Germantown, and other early engagements during the War of Independence, and in 1778 was among the troops sent from New York to the West Indies. The regiment returned home in 1780.
From 1787 to 1797 the regiment was in Canada.
Around 1811 the first battalion went from France to Canada, and served on the frontier during the American War, afterwards returning to Europe.
6th (Royal First Warwickshire) Regiment of Foot
1793 - 1847
1703 - Newfoundland
The regiment went to New York in 1777, but West Indian service had thinned its ranks, and it was sent home.
The regiment went to Nova Scotia in 1786 and was again stationed in Canada from 1799 to 1806.
From Bordeaux, in 1813, it went to America, and was actively employed on the frontier, where it especially distinguished itself in the action at Niagara. It then returned to Europe.
A second or "reserve" battalion, formed in Ireland after the regiment returned from Aden, was sent by way of Hudson's bay to the Red River during the dispute with America respecting the Oregon territory in 1846, to defend the British settlements in what was then known as Rupert's Land, in the event of hostilities. It subsequently joined the first battalion at the Cape.
7th (Royal Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot
1793 - 1868
In 1773 the Royal Fusiliers landed at Quebec, and was speedily sent on to Montreal and the frontier. It saw much service on the Lakes during the early years of the American War, and a company, "mostly recruits from Norfolk," took part in the defence of Quebec. The regiment was then transferred to New York, and went through all the later campaigns under Clinton and Cornwallis down to the end of the war.
From 1790 to 1793 the Royal Fusiliers did garrison duty at Gibraltar and Quebec, H.R.H. Prince Edward (afterwards Duke of Kent, and father of Her Majesty Queen Victoria) being the lieutenant-colonel commanding; after which the regiment was in Nova Scotia, where for a short time it was formed in two battalions, which were afterwards again united in one.
The first battalion having returned home in 1806 was employed in the expedition against Copenhagen in the following year, after which it was sent to Halifax, Nova Scotia.
The second battalion was again sent to Halifax in 1809 and then was despatched to Lisbon.
Another second battalion, raised in 1858, served some time at Gibraltar and in Canada, whence it returned home in 1867.
8th (The King's) Regiment of Foot
1809 - 1859
The regiment went to Canada in 1768, and saw much hard service on the Lakes during the early years of the American War. The regiment remained in Canada until 1785.
The first battalion went to Nova Scotia in 1808; to the West Indies in 1809, where it took part in the capture of Martinique; afterwards it returned to North America (1810), and was present in nearly all the engagements on the Canadian frontier during the American War of 1812-14.
The second battalion went out to Nova Scotia and new Brunswick in 1810. During the winter of 1813-14 six companies of this battalion, with a party of bluejackets, performed a memorable march on snow-shoes through the back-woods from new Brunswick to Quebec. They afterwards took part in the expedition to Plattsburg. Both battalions were brought home after the peace.
The regiment served in Nova Scotia from 1830 to 1833 and from 1839 until 1841.
9th (East Norfolk) Regiment of Foot
1804 - 1858
At the outbreak of the American War of Independence the regiment embarked for Canada, and saw some rough service on the Lakes, and formed part of the army under General Burgoyne, which was compelled to capitulate at Saratoga. In 1781 it returned home.
From the south of France, in 1813 the first battalion proceeded to Canada, where it remained until June, 1815.
After the Crimea in 1854, the regiment proceeded to Canada, whence it returned home in November, 1857.
10th (North Lincoln) Regiment of Foot
1842
The regiment went to America in 1767, and was in Boston at the first outbreak. It witnessed the first affairs at Concord and Lexington, and took part in the bloody fight on Bunker’s hill, and at Long Island, White Plains, Brandywine, Germantown, and other engagements during the campaigns of 1776-8, and in all the minor operations in New York and the Jerseys, down to the end of the war, when it returned home.
11th (North Devon) Regiment of Foot
1839 - 1840
1711 - Newfoundland
It was with General Hill and Sir Hovenden Walker in the disastrous attempt upon Quebec in 1711, when so many lives were lost in fruitless attempts to ascend the St. Lawrence, the navigation of which was entirely unknown.
From the Ionian Islands the service companies went to Gibraltar, and thence to Canada, where they were stationed during the troubles of 1838-9. They were in the backwoods of the Madawaska territory during the arrangement of the boundary question with the United States.
12th (East Suffolk) Regiment of Foot
1858 - 1861
No mention of Canada is made in "Records and Badges", the regiment was in England in 1857 and went to India in 1864.
13th (1st Somersetshire) Regiment of Foot
1813 - 1867
In 1813 the regiment proceeded from Martinique to Quebec, and was employed on the Canadian frontier during the American War of 1813-15. The regiment, which had remained a single battalion corps throughout the war, returned home in 1815.
Links: 13th Foot
14th (Bedfordshire) Regiment of Foot
1845 - 1855
The Fourteenth went to America in 1766, and served there until 1771, when it was removed to the West Indies. It was in Virginia at the outbreak of the American War, and came home from New York in 1778.
The Fourteenth served in Canada and Nova Scotia from 1841 to 1848.
15th (York, East Riding) Regiment of Foot
1817 - 1858
At the commencement of the Seven Years' War the regiment was employed in the Rochefort Expedition, and afterwards took, part in the siege and capture of the famous French Transatlantic stronghold of Louisburg, Cape Breton - the so - called "Dunkirk of the West." From Louisburg it went to Quebec with Wolfe, who specially commended the steadiness of the regiment in one of the preliminary affairs at Montmorenci. It fought in the great battle on the heights of Abraham, and after Wolfe's fall served at the defence of Quebec, and with the force sent against Montreal under General Murray, which completed the conquest of the Canada's. Next, it was at the capture of Martinique, and it the siege and conquest of the Havana in 1762, and was quartered for eleven months in Cuba, thence proceeding to New York, and afterwards back to Canada, where it served many years.
In 1776 the Fifteenth, then at home, went out with Lord Cornwallis to North Carolina, and made the American Campaigns of 1776-8 under Howe and Clinton. In the latter Year it went to the West Indies.
In 1827 the Fifteenth went to Canada, and served there until 1840, a period embracing the political riots at Quebec and Montreal in 1832 (suffering heavily in the visitation of Asiatic cholera), as well as the insurrection in Lower Canada in 1837-8.
The first battalion was sent out to North America at the time of the "Trent*" difficulty in 1861. It served there and in Bermuda until 1870, when it returned home.
16th (Bedfordshire) Regiment of Foot
1814 - 1868
The 16th went to Nova Scotia in 1790, and to Jamaica the year after. It arrived in Canada in 1814.
It was in the West Indies and Canada during the period of the Russian War (1853-1855), and returned home from Canada in 1857. It was sent to Canada again at the time of the "Trent*" difficulty in 1861, and served in North America and Bermuda until 1870, when it came to England from Nova Scotia.
17th (Leicestershire) Regiment of Foot
1856 - 1868
The regiment was sent to Nova Scotia at the outbreak of the Seven Years' War, and took part in the famous siege and capture of Louisburg, Cape Breton, in 1758. In the following year it was in the expedition which captured Crown Point. In the summer, after the capture of Quebec by Wolfe, columns were despatched to converge upon Montreal, whither the remainder of the French army had withdrawn. Of these columns one started from Lake Ontario, a second from Crown Point on Lake Champlain, and a third from Quebec. The Seventeenth formed part of the second column, and was present at Montreal when Lord Rollo, at the head of the British Grenadiers, received the submission of the gallant band of survivors of Montcalm's army, and the Dominion of the Canada's passed by right of conquest to Britain. With Lord Rollo the regiment was afterwards employed at the capture of Martinique, and subsequently at the conquest of Havana. At the peace of 1763 Cuba was restored to Spain in exchange for Florida, and the Seventeenth went back to North America.
At the outbreak of the American War of Independence the regiment was ordered out from Ireland, and landed at Boston on New Year's Day, 1776. It was actively engaged in all the campaigns of that unhappy struggle, during which it had the ill-luck to be twice captured, once at Stoney Creek in 1779, and again with Lord Cornwallis at York Town in 1781, but on each occasion it was speedily exchanged. After the last event it was in Virginia and at New York until the final withdrawal of the British troops in 1783.
It was then stationed in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland down to 1788.
In 1855 the battalion went to Canada, and served there until June, 1865.
A second battalion was added to the regiment in 1858, and went to North America, remaining there until 1868, when it returned home.
18th (Royal Irish) Regiment of Foot
1839 - 1850
The regiment went to America in 1767, and was at Boston at the outbreak of the War of Independence. It was present at the battle of Bunker's Hill, on Charlestown Heights on 17th June, 1775, but left Boston for Nova Scotia soon after, and returned home in July, 1776.
19th (1st York, North Riding) Regiment of Foot
1847 - 1852
The regiment went out to Charlestown, Carolina, in 1781, and was present in the affairs at Monk's Corner, the relief of Fort Ninety-Six, and the action at Eutaw Springs, and went through much harassing work up to the departure of the troops and loyalists in December, 1782, when it removed to Barbados.
It served in the Ionian Islands, the West Indies, and North America from 1840 to 1850.
In 1877 the first battalion went out to Bermuda and served there and in Nova Scotia until 1884.
20th (East Devon) Regiment of Foot
1847 - 1865
The regiment was among the troops sent to the relief of Quebec at the outbreak of the American War, and served in the operations under Burgoyne down to the surrender of Saratoga. After being "interned" in America some time, it came home in 1781.
From 1842 to 1853 the regiment, including a reserve battalion, was stationed in Gibraltar, Bermuda, and North America.
From 1873 to 1881 it served in Bermuda, Nova Scotia, Malta and Cyprus, returning home in the latter year.
21st (Royal North British Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot
1793 - 1852
The regiment was sent out to the relief of Quebec in 1776, and made the campaigns under Burgoyne down to the disaster at Saratoga. It went to Nova Scotia from home in 1789, and served there for four years.
From Genoa, in 1813, the regiment went to America (Atlantic region), and was engaged in the operations on the Chesapeake and Patuxent, including the battle of Bladensburg and the capture of Washington. Early in the following year it was engaged in the unsuccessful attempt on New Orleans, and in the attack on Fort Bowyer, Mobile. It arrived in England in June, 1815.
22nd (Cheshire) Regiment of Foot
Soon after the commencement of the Seven Years’ War the 22nd accompanied the expedition against Louisburg, Cape Breton. It was present at the capture of that famous stronghold in June, 1758, and went into garrison there. Next year it grenadiers, with the grenadier companies of certain other regiments, were form into a provisional battalion entitled the "Grenadiers of Louisburg," and accompanied Wolfe in his romantic enterprise against Quebec. It was in heading a charge of the 28th (Braggs) and the Louisburg Grenadiers that Wolfe received his second and mortal wound, on the memorable 13th September, 1759, and it was in the arms of Lieutenant Henry Brown, of the Grenadiers, of the 22nd, that he expired. The grenadiers were in the subsequent defence of Quebec, under Murray, and the remaining companies of the regiment having arrived from Cape Breton, on the re-opening of the navigation, the regiment took part in the expedition against Montreal and the final conquest of the Canada's in 1760.
23rd (Royal Welsh Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot
1828 - 1867
At the outbreak of the American War the regiment was at Boston. It fought at Bunker's Hill, and suffered heavily. No exact account of its losses has been preserved; but it is on record that of 3 officers and 70 men who went into action with the grenadier company, only 5 came out unhurt. For a while the regiment served as marines on board Earl Howe's fleet; after which it relanded, and served under Howe, Clinton, and Cornwallis, down to the surrender at Yorktown, 19th October, 1781, being, in the words of an American writer, everywhere distinguished "by gallantry and heavy losses." After Cornwallis's surrender it was "interned" in the Jerseys until the peace, when it returned to England, and spent eleven years at home.
The 1st Battalion served inn Nova Scotia in 1808, and at the capture of the island of Martinique in 1809, where it was much distinguished. Having returned from the West Indies to Halifax, Nova Scotia, it proceeded thence to Portugal.
A second battalion, raised in Cardiff in 1858, subsequently served for ten years at Gibraltar and in Canada.
24th (2nd Warwickshire) Regiment of Foot
1789 - 1867
1694 - Havre-De-Grace (Maryland)
In 1776 the regiment was among the reinforcements sent to Canada, and served in the operations under Burgoyne down to the surrender at Saratoga, after which it was "interned" in America until the peace. After some years at home the regiment, in 1789, proceeded to North America, and was stationed for a good many years in Nova Scotia and Canada. According to one account - about which there seems to be a little uncertainty - part of the regiment was despatched from Halifax, Nova Scotia, during this period, to assist in quelling a dangerous riot of the blacks in Sierra Leone and Goree. The regiment returned from America in 1800.
The first battalion served many years in Canada, where it was stationed during the troubles of 1837-8. In October 1837, the 24th Regiment was sent from Toronto to Lower Canada to suppress rebels, they return in January 1838. In 1846 it went to India.
25th (Sussex) Regiment of Foot
The regiment was ordered to Canada in 1838, but was sent to the Cape instead.
26th (The Cameronians) Regiment of Foot
1790 - 1855
In 1767 the regiment embarked for Canada, and at the, outbreak of the American War of Independence was brought down from Montreal, where it had been some time stationed, and took part, in the defence of Quebec, and in various affairs on the frontier, after which it went to New York and served under Clinton in the fighting at Forts Montgomery and Clinton on the Hudson, and elsewhere until 1780, when it came home, and was sent to Tamworth to recruit.
From 1787 to 1800 the regiment was stationed in Canada and Nova Scotia.
In 1853 the regiment proceeded to Canada, and was stationed in Canada and Bermuda from 1853 to 1859.
27th (Inniskilling) Regiment of Foot
1814 - 1815, 1850
At the beginning of the Seven Years' War, the 27th went out to America, and served in the operations at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, and afterwards in the expedition to Montreal, which accomplished the conquest of the Canada's. In 1761 it removed to Nova Scotia, and afterwards engaged at the capture of Martinique and Grenada, and at the siege and conquest of the Havana. From Cuba the regiment went to New York, and thence to Canada, where it served until 1767, when it returned home.
At the outbreak of the American War of Independence the Inniskillings again went to America. They joined the forces under General Howe at Staten Island in July, 1776, and fought at Long Island, White Plains, and elsewhere. In 1778 the regiment formed part of the armament sent from New York to the West Indies, which captured, and afterwards defended, St. Lucia.
In 1811 the first and second battalions of the regiment were sent from Sicily to the east coast of Spain, where they were actively employed up to the end of the war. These battalions afterwards joined the Duke of Wellington's army at Bordeaux, in April, 1814, when the three battalions of Inniskillings met for the first and last time. The first and third battalions then embarked for Canada, the second going home to Ireland. The first and third battalions were engaged in the expedition to Plattsburg, on Lake Champlain, and the first battalion was afterwards sent round to the mouth of the Mississippi, to reinforce the troops there after the disaster at New Orleans; but the news arriving that peace had been concluded with the United States, the battalion came home to Portsmouth, from whence, after receiving drafts from the Second battalion, it proceeded to Belgium, and was stationed at Ghent.
The third battalion landed at Ostend from America on the 15th July, 1815.
28th (North Gloucestershire) Regiment of Foot
1786 - 1869
1695 - Newfoundland
At the commencement of the Seven Years' War, the 28th went to America, and served at the capture of Louisburg, Cape Breton, and in the expedition against Quebec. It was at the head of the 28th (Bragg's), and a provisional battalion formed of the grenadier companies of various regiments, and known as the Louisburg Grenadiers, that Wolfe received his mortal wound. The regiment afterwards took part in the expedition against Montreal, and in the siege and conquest of Havana.
The outbreak of the American War of Independence in 1777 saw the 28th again in America, where it fought at White Plains, Brandywine, and in other early encounters. It is said at this time to have acquired its nickname of "The Slashers," but the stories told to account for the name are evidently myths. The, regiment went from New York to the West Indies in 1778.
29th (Worcestershire) Regiment of Foot
1746 - Louisburg
The 29th left Gibraltar in October, 1745, for Louisburg in Cape Breton where it remained until 1749, when it left for Chebuctoo Harbour, Nova Scotia and was employed in clearing the site of the present city of Halifax. They landed in Cork in 1750.
In 1765 the 29th returned to Halifax, from Ireland, where it remained until 1768, then going to Boston.
In 1776 they embarked for Quebec, from England, landing in May. Quebec was at that time besieged by the Americans. In October, they embarked on board the Thunderer, Inflexible, Carlton, &c., and fought in several actions on Lake Champlain. In 1777 the flank companies were engaged at Hubberton, Stillwater, and Saratoga. The head-quarters and battalions companies were employed in Canada throughout the war.
In June 1802 they again embarked for Halifax, from England and remained there until June 1807, again returning to England. The regiment was in the Atlantic region of Canada in 1814. The regiment was again in Canada and the West Indies between 1867 and 1873.
30th (Cambridgeshire) Regiment of Foot
1824 - 1868
1709 - Acadia
1746 - Louisburg
During the early part of the American War of Independence the Thirtieth was in Ireland; but it sailed from Cork with other reinforcements in 1781, and made one campaign in Carolina. When the Carolina Loyalists quitted their old homes, in December, 1782, the 30th accompanied part of the convoy to Jamaica.
As a single battalion corps, the 30th served in the Mediterranean, Bermuda, and Canada from 1834 to 1845.
From 1860 to 1870 the battalion served in Canada and Nova Scotia.
31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot
1709 - Port Royal, Nova Scotia
In 1765 the regiment went to Pensacola, West Florida, where it suffered much from yellow fever.
The regiment went to Canada in 1776, where the battalion companies helped to garrison Quebec during the War of Independence. The flank companies served in the operations under General Burgoyne, and were with the force that surrendered at Saratoga. After eleven years' service in Canada, the regiment returned home in 1787.
32nd (Cornwall) Regiment of Foot
1830 - 1867
A part of the regiment was with the Boston force which formed a settlement at Annapolis Royal in Nova Scotia (c. 1705), and was afterwards employed in the unsuccessful attempt against Quebec.
During a stay of eleven years in Canada, from 1830 to 1841, the 32nd had some sharp work with the insurgents, and their American sympathisers, on the lakes during the winter of 1838-9. 32nd sent to Upper Canada in January 1838. 26 February to 3 March, 1838, Republicans occupy Pelee island, Lake Erie; routed by regulars of 32nd and 83rd Regiments and the Essex Militia by 3 March.
Links: 32nd Foot
33rd (1st York, West Riding) Regiment of Foot
1846 - 1853
In February, 1776, the 33rd embarked at Cork for America, with other regiments, under command of its colonel, Earl (afterwards the Marquis) Cornwallis, with whom it made all the campaigns of the American War of Independence, including the operations at Long Island and New York, the expedition to Philadelphia, the siege of Charlestown, and the campaigns in Virginia and the Carolinas, down to the surrender at York Town, 19th October, 1781. The regiment was then "interned" in America until the peace.
From 1840 to 1848 the regiment was in the West Indies and New Brunswick.
34th (Cumberland) Regiment of Foot
1838 - 1853
After 1762 the regiment served for some time in Florida, where, on one occasion, at Mobile, it was in imminent risk of starvation, owing to the miscarriage of supplies from the Island of Jamaica.
The 34th was in Canada during the American War of Independence, and saw much hard service in the backwoods. The flank companies were with Burgoyne at Saratoga. The regiment remained in Canada until 1786, when it returned home.
The 34th served in North America from 1830 to 1840, and during the disturbances in Lower Canada, in 1838, was one of the regiments despatched on horse-sleighs from New Brunswick to Canada, over the snow, in the depth of winter. June 1838, 34th Regiment arrived in Upper Canada.
35th (Royal Sussex) Regiment of Foot
1803 - 1862
At the commencement of the Seven Years' War the 35th was among the troops sent out to Nova Scotia, under General Hopson. It had some sharp work with the French and Indians on the frontier in 1756-7, and fought at the siege and capture of Louisburg, Cape Breton, in1758. The year after it was with Wolfe at Quebec, where, on the Plain of Abraham, led by the gallant Henry Fletcher, in combat with the grenadiers of the famous French regiment of Royal Roussillon, it was the tall white feather, which was a distinguishing mark of the 35th Regiment for forty years after, and was later commemorated in the regimental badge. The regiment was with Murray at the defence of Quebec, and at the capture of Montreal, in 1760, completing the conquest of the Canada's. It was at the capture of Martinique in 1761 and of Havana in 1762; after which it was some time in Florida.
When troubles threatened in the American Colonies the 35th crossed the Atlantic again. It fought in the stern fight at Bunker's Hill, on 17th June, 1775, and was afterwards engaged in the operations about New York, where it was stationed during the greater part of the war.
36th (Herefordshire) Regiment of Foot
1841 - 1856
Having been re-formed in England, in 1707, the regiment went to Nova Scotia, and was engaged in the disastrous attempt against Quebec under General hill and Sir Hovenden Walker in 1711, after which it came home.
From 1830 to 1839 the regiment was stationed in the West Indies and North America.
37th (North Hampshire) Regiment of Foot
1814 - 1843
1711 - Newfoundland
At the outbreak of the American War the 37th was sent to America, and fought at Long Island, at the capture of New York, and in other early affairs. It was at Charlestown in 1776, and in the expedition to Philadelphia in 1777. It was at New York during the latter part of the war.
After the peace of 1814 the regiment left Bordeaux for Pouliac, where it embarked with reinforcements for Upper Canada, and there served until 1825. (Montreal 1819 - 1824). They returned to England in 1825 and then to Ireland in 1826. In 1830 they returned to the New World (Bermuda and Jamaica, and finally Canada again in 1839). The original posting to Canada was at the conclusion of European hostilities and Napoleon's first abdication. Britain was then free to focus its attention on the American nuisance. The 37th was posted to Fort Erie and Amherstburg, both serving as defences against American invasion. In 1818, they moved to Quebec and spent most of their sojourn in Montreal.
The 37th, served in Malta, the Ionian islands, Jamaica, and North America from 1830 to 1842, in which year it returned home from Nova Scotia.
38th (1st Staffordshire) Regiment of Foot
When troubles threatened with the Colonies the 38th was one of the first corps despatched from Ireland to America. It fought at Bunker's Hill, 17th June, 1775; but during the greater part of the unhappy struggle it was stationed in and about New York. It remained in Nova Scotia several years after the peace of 1783.
From 1840 to 1851 the 38th did duty in the Ionian Islands, at Gibraltar, in Jamaica and Honduras, and in Nova Scotia.
39th (East Middlesex) Regiment of Foot
1814 - 1864
The first battalion went from the south of France to Canada and served in the unsuccessful expedition to Plattsburg in 1814. Afterwards returning to Europe, it landed at Ostend a month after the battle of Waterloo had been fought.
After 1855 the regiment was for some years in Canada and Bermuda, returning home from the latter station in 1864.
40th (2nd Somersetshire) Regiment of Foot
1815 - 1842
This brave old corps - the first foot regiment added to the Army after the accession of the House of Brunswick - dates its regimental existence from 25th August, 1717, when certain independent companies of foot, which for many years had done duty in the West Indies and American plantations, were ordered to be regimented at Annapolis Royal, under the command of Colonel, afterwards General, Richard Phillips, the newly-appointed governor of Nova Scotia. The regiment took rank as the 40th Foot, and wore light buff facings and white and orange mixed lace. It continued to serve in Nova Scotia, Maine, and Newfoundland for some thirty years longer. After the breaking out of the Seven Years' War, the regiment went to Louisburg, Cape Breton and took part in the capture of that famous stronghold; its grenadiers, with the "Grenadiers of Louisburg," fought under Wolfe at Quebec in 1759. Arriving from Cape Breton in the following spring, the regiment, witnessed the surrender of the French at Montreal in September, 1760, completing the conquest of the Canada's, and was afterwards at the taking of Guadeloupe in 1761, and at the conquest of the Havana in 1762.
After forty-six years' continuous foreign service, the 40th came home, and was for some years on the Irish Establishment. It went back to America at the commencement of the War of Independence, and fought at Long Island, at the capture of New York, in the battles of Brandywine and Germantown, and other affairs. It was amongst the troops despatched from New York to the West Indies in 1778.
41st (The Welsh) Regiment of Foot
1799 - 1862
In 1798 the regiment was in Ireland, and in 1800 embarked for Upper Canada, where it was left during the whole of the Peninsular War. In the latter part of that period it had some most severe fighting when engaged on the Canadian frontier in 1812-14, as the honours on the colours bear witness. (Detroit, Queenstown, Miami, Niagara). A considerable number of the regiment having been taken prisoners and interned in America, a 2nd Battalion was formed at home, which, however, was amalgamated with the remnant of' the 1st Battalion soon after at the peace. After the termination of hostilities with the United States, the regiment seems to have been retained for some time at Quebec before being sent home. They landed with other regiments at Ostend a month after the battle of Waterloo, and marched to join the Army of Occupation at Paris. At the end of 1815 the regiment returned home.
42nd (Royal Highland) Regiment of Foot
1838 - 1855
At the beginning of the Seven Years' War the 42nd - as the Highland Regiment had become on the disbanding of General Oglethorpe's Regiment, in Georgia, some time before - embarked for America and was distinguished by its, "extraordinary gallantry " in the desperate but unsuccessful attack on Ticonderoga, 22nd July, 1758. Previously on 3rd July, King George II had conferred the title of "Royal " on the regiment, which was thenceforward known as "the 42nd, or Royal Highland Regiment of Foot," and had its facings changed from buff to dark blue.
A second battalion was formed at this time in Perthshire, and sent out to the West Indies; it served in the attempt on Martinique, and at the conquest of Guadeloupe, afterwards joining the forces on Lake Ontario in the fall of 1759. The two battalions were employed in the operations, ending with the capture of Montreal and the final conquest of the Canada's in 1760, and at the capture of Havana in 1762. From Cuba the two battalions, reduced to one, returned to America, and were for years employed on harassing service against the Indian tribes, who at this period made incessant raids on the frontiers of Maryland, Philadelphia, and Virginia. The regiment was particularly distinguished by its gallantry at a place called Bushy Run in July, 1763. It returned from New York to Cork in October, 1767.
When the War of Independence broke out, the 42nd was again sent to America. At a review on 10th April, 1776, prior to embarkation, there were in its ranks 921 Highlanders, 74 Scotch Lowlanders, 3 English, 1 Welsh, and 2 Irish. It fought at Long Island, White Plains, Brandywine, the siege of Charleston, and other engagements of that unhappy struggle, and was particularly distinguished at the storming of Fort Washington, 16th November, 1776, and at the defence of Pisquata, 10th May, 1777. Almost always with one or other of the flank corps from first to last, "no regiment,'' to quote its commander, "was exposed to more danger, or underwent more hardship, or suffered more from both." The 42nd came home from Cape Breton in 1787.
After 1842 the regiment served at Malta, in Bermuda, and Nova Scotia until 1852, when it returned home.
43rd (Monmouthshire Light Infantry) Regiment of Foot
1838 - 1862
At the outbreak of the Seven Years' War the 43rd, which had been some years in Ireland, embarked for North America. In 1757-8, it was actively employed in Nova Scotia, Maine, &c. ; in 1759 it accompanied the expedition to Quebec. and fought under Wolfe in the memorable battle on the Plains of Abraham on 13th August, 1759. Under Wolfe's successor, Murray, the regiment served at the subsequent defence of Quebec, and contributed its quota to the expedition against Montreal, which completed the conquest of the Canada's. It was afterwards at the capture of Martinique and in the expedition to the Havana. Less than 400 strong, it left Havana for Jamaica at the peace, and was, recruited by drafts from other regiments in the West Indies. It returned home in 1764.
When troubles were threatening before the commencement of the War of Independence, the 43rd was the first regiment. sent out to America. It was in camp at Boston in June, 1774, and twelve mouths later, on 17th June, 1775, upon the fire-ridden slope of Bunker's Hill, it stood shoulder to shoulder for the first time with the 52nd, with which its fame in after years has been so closely linked. Under Howe, Clinton, and Cornwallis it saw much hard and varied service in the Jersey, Virginia, and Carolina States in 1776-81, down to the surrender at York Town. After the peace its scattered companies were brought home from America and Jamaica.
In 1812, the first battalion proceeded from the south of France to America, and took part in the desperate attempt on New Orleans, and subsequent capture of Fort Bowyer, Mobile. It was at Deal at the commencement of the Waterloo campaign.
It went to New Brunswick in 1835, and was one of the regiments despatched from New Brunswick to Quebec, on horse-sleighs, in the depth of the winter of 1838-39, on the occasion of the insurrection in Lower Canada. The regiment was employed in Canada until 1844, when it removed to Nova Scotia, and came home in 1846. July 1838, 43rd Regiment left Lower Canada for Niagara.
Links: 43rd Foot
44th (East Essex) Regiment of Foot
1814 - 1820
In 1755, the regiment went with reinforcements to North America, and was with Braddock in the disastrous attempt on Fort du Quesne, on the Ohio, and afterwards in the attacks on Ticonderoga and Fort Niagara, and in the expedition against Montreal. It remained in Canada until 1765, when it came home.
In May, 1775, the regiment embarked for Boston, and arrived there just after the battle of Bunker's Hill. It made the campaigns of 1776-8, and fought at Long Island, Brandywine, and in other engagements, after which it was at New York, whence, in 1780, it proceeded to Canada, and remained there until 1786, when it again returned home.
In 1816, the first battalion proceeded from the east coast of Spain to America, and fought at Bladensburg and at the capture of Washington, and in the disastrous expedition to New Orleans. It returned home at the peace.
45th (Nottinghamshire) Regiment of Foot
1842 - 1865
1746 - Louisburg
The regiment was sent to Gibraltar, and afterwards to America, in 1746, to assist the New Englanders in their enterprise against the French settlement of Cape Breton, but after the peace was withdrawn from Louisburg to Nova Scotia, and there served many years. It was in Nova Scotia when the Seven Years' War commenced, and bore a share in the capture of Louisburg, which had become a famous stronghold, the "Dunkirk of the West," in 1758; after which it was stationed in Cape Breton and Nova Scotia until 1766, when it returned home, and was some years in Ireland.
The regiment was among the reinforcements sent out under Howe at the commencement of the American War of Independence, and was employed at Long Island and elsewhere near New York in 1776. The flank companies took part in the expedition to Philadelphia in 1777, and fought at Brandywine, Germantown, &.c. In November, 1778, the regiment landed in England from America, its total strength being about 100 men.
46th (South Devonshire) Regiment of Foot
1845 - 1868
After fourteen years' home service the 46th went out to America, and suffered heavy loss in the desperate attempt upon Ticonderoga, on Lake Champlain - then the head-quarters of the French, under Montcalm - in 3 July, 1756. Afterwards it was in the expedition sent against Fort Niagara, simultaneously with Wolfe's attack on Quebec, and in many other affairs, ending in the fall of Montreal and the conquest of the Canada's. Thence the 46th, went to the West Indies, and served at the capture of Martinique in 1761 and the conquest of Havana in 1762.
With the reinforcements for General Howe, the 46th went from Ireland to America, in 1776, and saw much hard service in the earlier campaigns of the War of Independence. It was during the expedition to Philadelphia that the light company of the regiment assumed the scarlet feather, so long its distinguishing, badge, and which still survives in the helmet-plate of the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry. The regimental version of the story is that in an affair of outposts on 26th September, 1777, when the brigade of the American general, Wayne, was defeated, a light battalion, composed of the light companies of the 46th and five other corps, had a sharp encounter with some of Washington's Horse. So much incensed were the Americans at their defeat that they sent word that "The Light Bobs had better look out, as no quarter would be given them." To which the Light Battalion rejoined that they were "Quite Ready," and tipped their feathers red as, a distinguishing badge, to prevent the Americans withholding quarter from other British troops by mistake. Thenceforth the "red feather," ever seen where danger was thickest, was the distinguishing badge of those six companies all through that long war. When the struggle was over the symbol disappeared from all the companies, save one. By the 46th it was retained, and in time red ball, which, after the abolition of flank companies, was, by Her Majesty's gracious permission, adopted by the whole battalion and worn until the introduction of the helmet.
Leaving its light company behind in America, the 46th went from New York to the West Indies in 1778, and was present at the capture of St. Lucia. On its return home it was stationed at Plymouth.
In 1832 the regiment left India for home. After a few years at home the regiment went to Gibraltar and served in that garrison in the West Indies, in British Guiana, and in North America until 1848, when it returned to England.
Links: 46th Foot
47th (Lancashire) Regiment of Foot
1787 - 1870
The regiment went to America in 1750. At the outbreak of the Seven Years' War it was still in America, serving in Nova Scotia.
The regiment was at the siege and capture of Louisburg, Cape Breton, in June, 1758. It went with Wolfe to Quebec the year after, and in the memorable battle on the Plains of Abraham on 12th September, 1759, together with the 43rd, formed the centre of the front line.
The regiment was with Murray at the winter defence of Quebec, and in the expedition against Montreal in 1761 where the surrender of the gallant remnant of Montcalm's army, under the Marquis de Vaudreuil, completed the, conquest of the Canada's. It was, also at the conquest of Martinique in 1762. It returned home at the pace of 1763.
In 1770 the regiment went again to America, and fought in the stubborn fight on Bunker's Hill, 17th June, 1775. It was among the reinforcements despatched from New York for the defence of Canada in 1776, and served with the force under General Burgoyne on the Lakes, which was compelled to surrender at Saratoga, 17th October, 1777. After being interned sonic time in America, it returned home in 1781.
The 47th went to America once more in 1790, and served there and in Bermuda and the Bahamas during the first part of the French War, down to the Peace of Amiens.
The 47th Foot was despatched to British North America (Canada) at the time of the Trent difficulty of 1861. It remained in North America (Montreal 1863-66, Nova Scotia 1867-68) and Barbados in the West Indies in 1869, from where it returned home in that year.
48th (Northamptonshire) Regiment of Foot
1863
The regiment was one of those sent out to America under General Braddock in 1755, and served in the unfortunate expedition against Fort Duquesne, where Braddock fell. In 1756 it was among tile troops sent from Virginia to Nova Scotia, to act against Cape Breton, and served at the famous siege and capture of Louisburg in 1758, and with Wolfe at Quebec in 1759. It was in Quebec during the winter defence of 1759-60, and furnished its quota to the expedition against Montreal which completed the conquest of the Canada's; after which it was with Lord Rollo at the reduction of Martinique and at the conquest of Havana in 1762. It returned home at the peace of 1763. The regiment was in America when the troubles with the mother country began; but it afterwards went to the West Indies, and served there throughout the period of the American War.
49th (Herefordshire) Regiment of Foot
1802 - 1860
The 49th was in Ireland when the troubles commenced in America, and it was among the reinforcements sent out under Howe in the spring of 1776. It fought in various engagements about New York, and in the Philadelphia Expedition of 1777, at Brooklyn, Long Island, Brandywine, &c. Its light company was one of those in the flank battalion under Francis Dundas, of the Guards, which adopted the red feather as a distinctive badge, and were conspicuous by their activity throughout that military conflict. The battalion companies went with the expedition from New York to the West Indies in 1778.
In 1803 it embarked for Quebec, and took a prominent part in the operations on the Canadian frontier during the American War of 1812-14, including the actions at Queenstown, at Fort George, Black Rock, Stoney Creek, &c. Its gallant chief, Sir Isaac Brock, who is still remembered in the Dominion as the "Hero of Upper Canada," fell at Queenstown. It returned home at the peace.
50th (West Kent) Regiment of Foot
1856
The regiment was sent from Jamaica to America at the outbreak of the American war, and the men who were eligible drafted to make up the strength of some of the regiments which had suffered at Bunker's Hill. It then came home, and was at home during the rest of the war.
* When two Confederate representatives were forcibly removed by Union authorities from the British steamer Trent in 1861, Lincoln released them in response to British pressure. The Trent Affair, The Illustrated London News, London, Saturday, December 21, 1861.
There were close to 18,000 British regulars in Canada during the crisis (6,283 arrived in the first ten weeks of 1862 in New Brunswick and were transported by sleigh to their stations). Here are some of the infantry battalion dispositions in 1863: 2/16 Halifax 2/17 Halifax 1RB Hamilton 62 London and Quebec 63 London 1/16 Montreal 30 Montreal 47 Montreal 1/15 New Brunswick 1/17 Quebec In addition, 1 Grenadier Guards and 2 Scots Fusilier Guards were somewhere in Canada.
The Royal Artillery in 1805 was composed of 9 battalions, each composed of 10-12 companies; by 1816 it had increased to 11 battalions. Each company moved independently through that period of time. For the period 1805-1816, indicated below are the companies of the Royal Artillery that were in Canada and the period that they were there ('Co' = Company; and 'Bn' - Battalion):
4th Co, 1st Bn: Halifax, NS, Jun 1814-Jul 1814; Moose Island, Aug 1814-Sep 1814; St. John, NB, Oct 1814- Jan 1816; Halifax, NS, Nov 1816-Dec 1816.
6th Co, 2nd Bn: St. John, Newfoundland, Jan 1805-Dec 1816.
9th Co, 2nd Bn: Halifax, NS, Jan 1805-Apr 1814; Canada, May 1814-Jun 1815.
1st Co, 4th Bn: Chambly, Canada, Aug 1814-Dec 1816.
2nd Co, 4th Bn: Quebec, Jan 1805-June 1815.
7th Co, 4th Bn: Quebec, Jan 1805 - Dec 1807; Ft. George, Jan 1807-May 1807; Amherstburg, June 1807-Dec 1807; Quebec, Jan 1808-April 1808; Amherstburg, May 1808-Dec 1808; Quebec, Jan 1809-Dec 1810; Amherstbury, Jan 1811-Jul 1811; Montreal, Aug 1811; Quebec, Sep 1811-Aug 1816; Montreal, Sep 1816; Kingston, Oct 1816-Dec 1816.
9th Co, 4th Bn: Quebec, Jan 1805-Sep 1812; Montreal, Oct 1812-June 1815.
10th Co, 4th Bn: Quebec, Jan 1805-November 1807; Montreal, Nov 1807-Oct 1808; Quebec, Nov 1808-May 1811; Kingston, Jun 1811; Fort George, July 1811-Dec 1814; Quebec, Jan 1815-June 1815.
1st Co, 5th Bn: Halifax, NS, Jun 1808-Sep 1810; St. John, NB, Oct 1910-Oct 1811; Halifax, NS, Nov 1811- Jul 1812; St. John, NB, Aug 1812-Sep 1814; Halifax, NS, Oct 1814-Dec 1816.
8th Co, 5th Bn: Queenston, Canada, Aug 1814-Aug 1816; Amherstburg, Sep 1816-Dec 1816.
2nd Co, 6th Bn: Halifax, NS, Nov 1811-Dec 1816.
7th Co, 7th Bn: Halifax, NS, Jul 1808-Nov 1808; Halifax, May 1809-Dec 1812; Quebec, Jun 1813; Kingston, Jul, 1813-Jun 1816; Fort Wellington, Jul 1816-Dec 1816.
6th Co, 9th Bn: Halifax, NS, Feb 1815-Dec 1816.
8th Co, 9th Bn: Kingston, Canada, Aug 1814-Sep 1816; Queenston, Oct 1816-Dec 1816.
1st Co, 10th Bn: Canada, Jun 1814-Dec 1816.
3rd Co, 10th Bn: Montreal, June 1814-Dec 1816.
6th Co, Invalid Bn: Fort George, Jan 1805-Dec 1816.
Captain R. Douglas's Company of the 9th Battalion, Royal
Artillery embarked at Pymouth on HMS Melpomene on
4 March 1812 and landed at Lisbon, Spain on the
evening of 15 March 1812. The company mustered at
Alcarva, Spain on 12 May 1812; at Poilus, Spain
on 16 July 1812 and at Madrid on 1 September 1812
and 1 October 1812. By November 1813 the company
was stationed at Bordeaux, France. In early 1814
Captain R. Douglas exchanged companies with Captain
G. Turner and the company became Capt. Turner's
Company of the 9th Brigade, Royal Artillery. On
1 January 1814 the company mustered at Hasparren
(France?) and remained in the Peninsula until May
1814. It embarked for Canada in June 1814 and was
at sea through July 1814. It embarked in Canada
in August 1814 and mustered at Quebec, Canada on
6 August 1814; at Montreal on 1 September and 1
October 1814; and at Fort Wellington, Canada on
5 December 1814. The company was in Canada through
all of 1815, 1816 and 1817. In 1817 it mustered
at Kingston monthly from January through September
1817, and at Queenston from October 1817 through
December 1817.
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